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.hbg-header{height:62px;gap:14px}#historybg-home .hbg-brand{font-size:25px}#historybg-home .hbg-brand .hbg-icon{width:29px}#historybg-home .hbg-mini-search,#historybg-home .hbg-account{display:none}#historybg-home .hbg-tools{gap:16px}#historybg-home .hbg-hero-inner{padding-top:26px;padding-bottom:20px}#historybg-home .hbg-intro{max-width:none}#historybg-home .hbg-eyebrow{font-size:8px;line-height:1.6;max-width:340px;margin-bottom:15px}#historybg-home h1{font-size:clamp(36px,7.6vw,54px);letter-spacing:-1.3px;line-height:1.04}#historybg-home .hbg-description{font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;max-width:none}#historybg-home .hbg-description br{display:none}#historybg-home .hbg-art{position:relative;width:calc(100% + 40px);margin:18px -20px 0;height:230px;opacity:1}#historybg-home .hbg-art>img{mask-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,transparent,#000 12%,#000 93%,transparent);object-fit:cover}#historybg-home .hbg-entity-label{font-size:10px;padding:5px 11px}#historybg-home .hbg-question{width:100%;height:auto;min-height:52px;margin:16px 0 12px;flex-wrap:wrap;overflow:visible}#historybg-home .hbg-question>.hbg-icon{margin:0 10px;width:19px}#historybg-home .hbg-question input{height:50px;flex:1;font-size:12px;width:calc(100% - 92px)}#historybg-home .hbg-question select{position:absolute;top:61px;right:0;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:5px;font-size:10px;width:120px;height:28px}#historybg-home .hbg-question>button{border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;width:46px}#historybg-home .hbg-examples{padding-top:2px;gap:7px}#historybg-home .hbg-examples>span{width:100%;height:28px;display:flex;align-items:center}#historybg-home .hbg-chip{font-size:10px;padding:7px 10px;text-align:left}#historybg-home .hbg-content{padding-top:19px}#historybg-home .hbg-section-head{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 10px;margin-bottom:11px}#historybg-home .hbg-section-head p{order:3;width:100%;font-size:11px}#historybg-home .hbg-section-head>a{font-size:10px}#historybg-home .hbg-protocols{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:9px}#historybg-home .hbg-protocol{min-height:164px;padding:15px 13px 30px}#historybg-home .hbg-protocol:last-child{grid-column:1\/-1;min-height:105px;display:flex;gap:15px}#historybg-home .hbg-protocol h3{font-size:20px}#historybg-home .hbg-protocol p{font-size:12px}#historybg-home .hbg-discovery{grid-template-columns:1fr;margin-top:20px;gap:12px}#historybg-home .hbg-evidence-panel{grid-column:auto}#historybg-home .hbg-map{height:172px}#historybg-home .hbg-evidence{gap:8px}#historybg-home .hbg-source .hbg-thumb{height:74px}#historybg-home .hbg-source{font-size:9px}#historybg-home .hbg-studies{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:12px}#historybg-home .hbg-study h3{font-size:16px}#historybg-home .hbg-study .hbg-thumb{height:104px}#historybg-home .hbg-bottom{gap:23px;margin-top:21px}#historybg-home .hbg-steps{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:14px}#historybg-home .hbg-dialog{padding:25px 20px}#historybg-home .hbg-dialog h2{font-size:25px}}\n@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){#historybg-home a,#historybg-home button{transition:color .15s,background-color .15s,box-shadow .15s}#historybg-home .hbg-protocol:hover,#historybg-home .hbg-study:hover{box-shadow:0 4px 15px #24477516}}\n\n\n\n\/* UX refinements: hero readability, tablet protocol cards, mobile search. *\/\n@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1100px) {\n  #historybg-home .hbg-hero-inner { min-height:420px; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-intro { max-width:53%; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-description { max-width:100%; font-size:14px; line-height:1.5; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-description br { display:none; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-art { right:0; width:48%; opacity:.88; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-art>img { mask-image:linear-gradient(to right,transparent,#000 50%); }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-question { width:min(100%,680px); }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-protocols { grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:12px; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-protocol:nth-child(-n+3) { grid-column:span 2; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-protocol:nth-child(n+4) { grid-column:span 3; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-protocol { display:flex; min-height:164px; gap:11px; padding:16px 14px 30px; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-protocol>.hbg-icon { width:29px; height:29px; margin-bottom:0; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-protocol h3 { font-size:19px; hyphens:none; word-break:normal; overflow-wrap:normal; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-protocol p { font-size:12px; line-height:1.42; }\n}\n@media (max-width:767px) {\n  #historybg-home .hbg-question { margin-bottom:50px; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-question input { font-size:13px; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-question select { top:62px; right:0; width:164px; height:35px; font-size:12px; border-radius:7px; box-shadow:0 2px 6px #233f6515; }\n  #historybg-home .hbg-examples>span { height:auto; min-height:18px; }\n}\n\n\n\/* Additional live-posts strip: preserves existing homepage layout. *\/\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest{padding:4px 0 13px;margin-bottom:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #e2eaf1}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest>.hbg-section-head{margin-bottom:9px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:11px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-card{min-width:0}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-card>a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;min-height:90px;padding:9px;border:1px solid #e0e7ef;background:#fff;border-radius:8px;color:#152947;text-decoration:none}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-card>a:hover,#historybg-home .hbg-latest-card>a:focus-visible{border-color:#93b9e6;background:#f8fbff;box-shadow:0 3px 12px #173c7512}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-cover{width:98px;height:70px;flex:0 0 98px;display:grid;place-items:center;border-radius:5px;background:linear-gradient(140deg,#e1ebf5,#f8f4e8);color:#3370ac;font:bold 26px Georgia,serif;overflow:hidden}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-cover img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;display:block}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-copy{display:block;min-width:0}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-copy time{display:block;margin-bottom:3px;color:#60718a;font:10px Arial,sans-serif}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-copy strong{display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:3;overflow:hidden;font:700 14px\/1.22 Georgia,serif;color:#13294b}\n@media(max-width:1050px){\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-card>a{gap:8px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-cover{width:74px;flex-basis:74px;height:72px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-copy strong{font-size:13px}\n}\n@media(max-width:767px){\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest{margin-bottom:15px;padding:2px 0 14px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest>.hbg-section-head p{display:none}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:7px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-card>a{min-height:73px;gap:10px;padding:7px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-cover{width:83px;height:60px;flex-basis:83px}\n#historybg-home .hbg-latest-copy strong{font-size:14px;-webkit-line-clamp:2}\n}\n\n<\/style>\n<div id=\"historybg-home\" lang=\"bg\">\n<header class=\"hbg-header hbg-wrap\"><a class=\"hbg-brand\" href=\"\/bg\/\" aria-label=\"HistoryBG \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\"><svg class=\"hbg-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 34 34\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 6 16 16 27 5M16 16 6 28M16 16l12 11\"\/><circle cx=\"5\" cy=\"6\" r=\"3\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><circle cx=\"27\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"3\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"28\" r=\"3\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><circle cx=\"28\" cy=\"27\" r=\"3\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><\/svg>HistoryBG<\/a><nav class=\"hbg-nav\" aria-label=\"\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\"><a href=\"#explore\">\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#timeline\">\u0421\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#map\">\u0425\u043e\u0440\u0430<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#map\">\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#research\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#sources\">\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#all-protocols\">\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#how-it-works\">\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"\/bg\/blog\/\">\u0411\u043b\u043e\u0433<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><\/nav><div class=\"hbg-tools\"><form class=\"hbg-mini-search\" action=\"\/bg\/\" method=\"get\" role=\"search\"><button aria-label=\"\u0422\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0435\"><svg class=\"hbg-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 34 34\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"13\" cy=\"13\" r=\"8\"\/><path d=\"m19 19 8 8\"\/><\/svg><\/button><input aria-label=\"\u0422\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\" name=\"s\" placeholder=\"\u0422\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0435\u2026\" required><\/form><details class=\"hbg-language\"><summary aria-label=\"\u0415\u0437\u0438\u043a: \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\">\u25ce &nbsp; BG \u2304<\/summary><div><strong>\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449 \u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a<\/strong><br><a href=\"\/en\/\" lang=\"en\">English edition \u2197<\/a><br><a href=\"\/\">\u0412\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u2197<\/a><\/div><\/details><a class=\"hbg-account\" href=\"\/bg\/wp-admin\/\" aria-label=\"\u041f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\"><svg class=\"hbg-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 34 34\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"14\"\/><circle cx=\"16\" cy=\"11\" r=\"5\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><path d=\"M5 26c2-10 20-10 22 0\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><\/svg><\/a><details class=\"hbg-mobile-menu\"><summary>\u041c\u0435\u043d\u044e<\/summary><nav aria-label=\"\u041c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\"><a href=\"#explore\">\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#timeline\">\u0421\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#map\">\u0425\u043e\u0440\u0430<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#map\">\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#research\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#sources\">\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#all-protocols\">\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"#how-it-works\">\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><a href=\"\/bg\/blog\/\">\u0411\u043b\u043e\u0433<small aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2304<\/small><\/a><\/nav><\/details><\/div><\/header>\n<section class=\"hbg-hero\" aria-labelledby=\"hbg-title\"><div class=\"hbg-wrap hbg-hero-inner\"><div class=\"hbg-intro\"><p class=\"hbg-eyebrow\">BIG GRAPH. BIGGER PICTURE.<\/p><h1 id=\"hbg-title\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u044f.<span>\u0422\u044f \u0435 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430.<\/span><\/h1><p class=\"hbg-description\">\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0441\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438,<br> \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438. \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438.<br> \u0418\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0418\u0418 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438, \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e-\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"hbg-art\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/history-network.jpg\" width=\"1586\" height=\"992\" fetchpriority=\"high\" alt=\"\u0418\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f: \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044e\u0441\u0442, \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441, \u0440\u044a\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\"><span class=\"hbg-postcard hbg-thumb harbor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"hbg-postcard hbg-thumb war\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"hbg-postcard hbg-thumb pyramid\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"hbg-postcard hbg-thumb empire\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"hbg-entity-label\" href=\"#map\">\u0425\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/a><a class=\"hbg-entity-label\" href=\"#timeline\">\u0421\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f<\/a><a class=\"hbg-entity-label\" href=\"#map\">\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430<\/a><a class=\"hbg-entity-label\" href=\"#research\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438<\/a><a class=\"hbg-entity-label\" href=\"#all-protocols\">\u0418\u0434\u0435\u0438<\/a><a class=\"hbg-entity-label\" href=\"#sources\">\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438<\/a><\/div>\n<form class=\"hbg-question\" id=\"hbg-question-form\" action=\"\/bg\/\" method=\"get\" role=\"search\"><svg class=\"hbg-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 34 34\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"13\" cy=\"13\" r=\"8\"\/><path d=\"m19 19 8 8\"\/><\/svg><input id=\"hbg-question-input\" name=\"s\" aria-label=\"\u0422\u0432\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\" placeholder=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0448 \u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448?\" maxlength=\"500\" required><select id=\"hbg-mode\" aria-label=\"\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\"><option value=\"guide\">\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0441 \u0418\u0418<\/option><option value=\"search\">\u0422\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430<\/option><\/select><button type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\">\u2192<\/button><\/form>\n<div class=\"hbg-examples\"><span>\u041f\u0420\u0418\u041c\u0415\u0420\u041d\u0418 \u0412\u042a\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u0418:<\/span><button class=\"hbg-chip\" type=\"button\" data-question=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f?\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f?<\/button><button class=\"hbg-chip\" type=\"button\" data-question=\"\u0417\u0430\u0449\u043e \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430?\">\u0417\u0430\u0449\u043e \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430?<\/button><button class=\"hbg-chip\" type=\"button\" data-question=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430?\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430?<\/button><button class=\"hbg-chip\" type=\"button\" data-question=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u2026?\">\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u2026?<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<div class=\"hbg-wrap hbg-content\"><section class=\"hbg-latest\" id=\"latest-posts\" aria-labelledby=\"hbg-latest-title\"><div class=\"hbg-section-head\"><h2 id=\"hbg-latest-title\">\u041f\u041e\u0421\u041b\u0415\u0414\u041d\u0418 \u041f\u0423\u0411\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418<\/h2><p>\u041d\u0430\u0439-\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442 HistoryBG<\/p><a href=\"\/bg\/blog\/\">\u0412\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u2192<\/a><\/div><div class=\"hbg-latest-grid\" id=\"hbg-latest-grid\"><article class=\"hbg-latest-card\"><a href=\"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/halberda-pehotna-revolyuciya\/\"><span class=\"hbg-latest-cover\"><img src=\"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/11\/letopis-ot-kalta-slide-01-300x167.webp\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u201e\u041b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0430\u201c\"><\/span><span class=\"hbg-latest-copy\"><time datetime=\"2026-11-04\">04.11.2026<\/time><strong>\u0425\u0430\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044f: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/article><article class=\"hbg-latest-card\"><a href=\"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/kak-tehnologiite-promenyat-istoriyata\/\"><span class=\"hbg-latest-cover\"><img src=\"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/11\/tehnologii-promenyat-istoriyata-300x169.webp\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0436 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438: \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0441 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u043e\u0440\u044a\u0434\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044e\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0447\u0438\u043f\"><\/span><span class=\"hbg-latest-copy\"><time datetime=\"2026-11-04\">04.11.2026<\/time><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430? \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/article><article class=\"hbg-latest-card\"><a href=\"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%8e%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%88%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b2%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be\/\"><span class=\"hbg-latest-cover\">\u231b<\/span><span class=\"hbg-latest-copy\"><time datetime=\"2026-11-04\">04.11.2026<\/time><strong>\u041c\u0435\u043d\u044e\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/article><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"hbg-discovery\" id=\"explore\"><section class=\"hbg-panel\" id=\"map\"><div class=\"hbg-section-head\"><h2>\u0418\u041d\u0422\u0415\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0412\u041d\u0410 \u041a\u0410\u0420\u0422\u0410<\/h2><a href=\"#map-details\">\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"hbg-map-row\"><svg class=\"hbg-map\" viewBox=\"0 0 380 160\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\"><path class=\"land\" d=\"M118.5 153.2 L119.9 153.9 L121.3 154.2 L120.9 154.7 L119.9 154.8 L119.3 154.4 L119.0 154.8 L118.1 155.2 L116.9 155.0 L116.2 154.7 L115.0 154.5 L113.7 153.9 L112.6 153.3 L111.2 152.1 L112.1 152.3 L113.5 153.1 L114.9 153.5 L115.5 153.0 L115.8 152.2 L116.8 151.7 L117.6 151.9 L117.6 151.9 L118.0 152.4 L118.5 153.2Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M128.2 150.2 L129.0 150.7 L128.7 151.1 L127.3 151.4 L126.8 151.0 L125.9 151.5 L125.4 151.0 L126.7 150.3 L127.6 150.6 L128.2 150.2Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M264.2 148.6 L262.6 148.7 L262.5 148.1 L262.7 147.7 L262.8 147.4 L263.4 147.8 L264.4 147.9 L264.5 148.1 L264.2 148.6Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M343.5 138.8 L344.5 139.2 L345.1 139.0 L345.9 138.8 L346.5 138.9 L346.6 140.2 L346.2 140.6 L346.1 141.5 L345.8 141.2 L345.0 141.9 L344.8 141.9 L344.2 141.8 L343.5 140.9 L343.4 140.2 L342.8 139.2 L342.8 138.7 L343.5 138.8Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M372.6 138.9 L372.9 139.4 L373.6 139.0 L373.9 139.4 L373.9 139.9 L373.5 140.4 L372.8 141.2 L372.3 141.7 L372.7 142.2 L371.9 142.2 L371.0 142.6 L370.7 143.3 L370.1 144.5 L369.3 144.9 L368.7 145.3 L367.8 145.2 L367.1 144.9 L365.9 144.8 L365.8 144.4 L366.3 143.6 L367.7 142.5 L368.3 142.3 L369.1 141.9 L370.0 141.3 L370.6 140.7 L371.1 139.9 L371.5 139.6 L371.7 139.0 L372.4 138.5 L372.6 138.9Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M374.3 133.7 L375.1 134.9 L375.1 134.1 L375.6 134.4 L375.7 135.2 L376.6 135.6 L377.3 135.7 L377.9 135.3 L378.4 135.4 L378.2 136.4 L377.9 137.0 L377.1 137.0 L376.8 137.3 L376.9 137.8 L376.7 138.0 L376.3 138.6 L375.8 139.4 L375.0 139.8 L374.8 139.5 L374.4 139.3 L375.0 138.4 L374.6 137.8 L373.5 137.4 L373.5 137.0 L374.3 136.6 L374.5 135.8 L374.4 135.0 L374.0 134.3 L374.0 134.1 L373.5 133.7 L372.7 132.7 L372.2 131.9 L372.6 131.8 L373.2 132.4 L374.0 132.7 L374.3 133.7Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M366.4 118.2 L366.0 118.5 L365.4 118.2 L364.7 117.7 L364.0 117.1 L363.3 116.4 L363.1 116.0 L363.6 116.0 L364.2 116.4 L364.7 116.7 L365.0 117.1 L365.9 117.7 L366.4 118.2Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M378.3 112.9 L378.6 113.2 L378.5 113.8 L377.8 114.0 L377.2 113.8 L377.1 113.4 L377.5 113.0 L378.0 113.1 L378.3 112.9Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M379.3 112.3 L378.7 112.6 L378.5 112.2 L379.0 111.9 L379.4 111.9 L380.0 111.5 L380.0 112.1 L379.3 112.3Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M0.1 112.0 L0.0 112.1 L0.0 111.5 L0.2 111.5 L0.1 112.0Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M367.2 112.0 L366.8 112.1 L366.5 111.6 L366.5 111.3 L367.2 112.0Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M366.4 110.3 L366.6 111.2 L366.3 111.0 L366.1 111.1 L365.9 110.8 L365.9 109.9 L366.4 110.3Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M242.8 108.8 L243.0 110.1 L243.3 110.6 L243.2 111.1 L243.0 111.4 L242.6 110.8 L242.4 111.1 L242.6 111.9 L242.5 112.4 L242.2 112.7 L242.2 113.6 L241.8 114.9 L241.2 116.4 L240.6 118.5 L240.2 120.0 L239.7 121.3 L238.9 121.6 L237.9 122.0 L237.3 121.8 L236.5 121.4 L236.2 120.8 L236.1 119.8 L235.8 118.9 L235.7 118.1 L235.8 117.3 L236.3 117.1 L236.3 116.8 L236.8 115.9 L236.9 115.2 L236.7 114.7 L236.5 114.0 L236.4 113.0 L236.8 112.4 L236.9 111.7 L237.4 111.6 L238.0 111.4 L238.4 111.2 L238.9 111.2 L239.5 110.6 L240.4 109.9 L240.7 109.3 L240.5 108.9 L241.0 109.0 L241.6 108.2 L241.6 107.6 L241.9 107.1 L242.3 107.6 L242.6 108.0 L242.8 108.8Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M341.5 109.0 L341.9 109.8 L342.6 109.4 L342.9 109.9 L343.5 110.3 L343.3 110.8 L343.6 111.8 L343.7 112.3 L344.0 112.4 L344.3 113.4 L344.2 114.0 L344.5 114.7 L345.7 115.3 L346.4 115.8 L347.1 116.3 L347.0 116.6 L347.6 117.3 L348.0 118.4 L348.4 118.2 L348.8 118.7 L349.1 118.5 L349.3 119.7 L350.0 120.4 L350.5 120.8 L351.3 121.7 L351.6 122.6 L351.7 123.2 L351.6 123.9 L352.1 124.8 L352.0 125.8 L351.9 126.3 L351.6 127.3 L351.6 127.9 L351.4 128.7 L350.9 129.7 L350.1 130.3 L349.8 131.1 L349.4 131.7 L349.1 132.6 L348.7 133.2 L348.4 134.0 L348.3 134.7 L348.3 135.1 L347.7 135.5 L346.5 135.5 L345.6 136.0 L345.1 136.4 L344.4 136.9 L343.6 136.4 L342.9 136.2 L343.1 135.6 L342.5 135.8 L341.6 136.6 L340.7 136.3 L340.1 136.1 L339.5 136.1 L338.5 135.7 L337.8 135.1 L337.6 134.2 L337.3 133.7 L336.8 133.2 L335.8 133.1 L336.1 132.6 L335.9 131.7 L335.4 132.5 L334.4 132.7 L335.0 132.1 L335.1 131.5 L335.6 130.9 L335.5 130.1 L334.6 131.0 L333.9 131.4 L333.5 132.3 L332.7 131.8 L332.8 131.3 L332.1 130.5 L331.5 130.0 L331.7 129.8 L330.4 129.1 L329.6 129.1 L328.6 128.5 L326.7 128.7 L325.4 129.0 L324.2 129.4 L323.2 129.3 L322.0 129.9 L321.1 130.2 L320.9 130.7 L320.5 131.2 L319.6 131.2 L319.0 131.3 L318.0 131.1 L317.3 131.2 L316.6 131.3 L315.9 131.9 L315.6 131.8 L315.1 132.1 L314.6 132.5 L313.8 132.4 L313.1 132.4 L312.0 131.7 L311.4 131.5 L311.4 130.9 L312.0 130.7 L312.1 130.5 L312.1 130.1 L312.2 129.3 L312.1 128.7 L311.6 127.6 L311.4 126.9 L311.4 126.3 L311.0 125.6 L311.0 125.3 L310.5 124.8 L310.4 124.0 L309.8 123.1 L309.6 122.6 L310.1 123.1 L309.7 122.1 L310.3 122.4 L310.6 122.8 L310.6 122.2 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L242.8 42.4 L241.8 42.6 L241.3 43.2 L240.3 43.4 L239.3 44.6 L240.2 45.6 L240.1 46.4 L241.3 47.7 L241.8 48.2Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M90.9 8.3 L90.5 8.3 L88.5 8.2 L88.2 7.9 L90.3 7.9 L91.1 8.1 L90.9 8.3Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M73.7 8.1 L71.7 8.4 L70.2 8.0 L71.0 7.7 L72.6 7.6 L74.0 7.7 L73.7 8.1Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M216.1 7.9 L213.7 8.3 L211.9 8.1 L212.6 7.8 L212.0 7.4 L214.2 7.2 L214.6 7.6 L216.1 7.9Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M74.2 7.1 L73.0 7.3 L71.2 7.3 L71.2 7.1 L72.3 6.8 L72.9 6.8 L74.2 7.1Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M88.8 7.7 L87.3 7.9 L86.4 7.6 L86.0 7.2 L85.9 6.8 L87.3 6.8 L87.9 6.9 L89.1 7.3 L88.8 7.7Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M84.4 7.4 L84.8 7.8 L83.1 7.7 L81.3 7.3 L79.0 7.3 L80.0 7.0 L78.7 6.7 L78.6 6.3 L80.7 6.4 L83.6 6.8 L84.4 7.4Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M300.9 7.4 L295.0 7.8 L296.9 6.4 L297.8 6.2 L298.6 6.3 L301.2 6.9 L300.9 7.4Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M209.3 5.8 L212.7 6.7 L210.1 7.1 L209.5 7.9 L208.6 8.1 L208.1 9.0 L206.8 9.1 L204.5 8.4 L205.5 8.0 L203.9 7.7 L201.8 6.8 L201.0 5.9 L203.9 5.5 L204.5 5.9 L206.0 5.9 L206.4 5.5 L207.9 5.5 L209.3 5.8Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M216.9 5.1 L218.9 5.5 L217.4 6.0 L214.3 6.2 L211.2 6.0 L211.0 5.7 L209.5 5.7 L208.3 5.2 L211.6 4.9 L213.1 5.1 L214.2 4.8 L216.9 5.1Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M244.0 4.9 L242.6 5.1 L241.6 5.1 L241.5 5.3 L240.2 5.5 L239.1 5.2 L239.7 4.9 L237.3 4.9 L239.4 4.7 L241.0 4.7 L241.2 4.9 L241.8 4.7 L242.8 4.5 L244.4 4.7 L244.0 4.9Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M295.5 6.8 L293.2 6.9 L290.2 6.6 L288.5 6.2 L287.7 5.4 L286.2 5.1 L289.0 4.4 L291.3 4.1 L293.3 4.7 L295.8 5.8 L295.5 6.8Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M98.1 5.9 L99.4 6.2 L98.0 6.6 L96.0 7.4 L94.2 7.5 L92.0 7.3 L90.8 6.9 L90.8 6.5 L91.7 6.2 L89.7 6.2 L88.6 5.8 L87.9 5.3 L88.6 4.9 L89.4 4.5 L90.5 4.4 L90.0 4.2 L92.5 4.1 L93.8 4.7 L95.6 5.0 L97.3 5.2 L98.1 5.9Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M117.7 2.1 L120.5 2.2 L122.8 2.3 L124.7 2.6 L124.7 2.9 L122.1 3.4 L119.5 3.6 L118.6 3.9 L120.9 3.9 L118.4 4.5 L116.7 4.8 L114.9 5.7 L112.7 5.9 L112.0 6.1 L108.8 6.3 L110.3 6.4 L109.5 6.6 L110.4 7.1 L109.4 7.5 L107.8 7.8 L107.3 8.3 L105.8 8.6 L106.0 8.8 L107.8 8.8 L107.8 9.1 L105.0 9.7 L102.2 9.4 L99.1 9.6 L97.5 9.5 L95.5 9.4 L95.4 8.9 L97.4 8.6 L96.8 7.8 L97.5 7.8 L100.3 8.2 L98.9 7.5 L97.2 7.3 L98.0 6.9 L99.9 6.6 L100.2 6.2 L98.7 5.8 L98.2 5.2 L101.1 5.3 L102.0 5.4 L103.6 5.0 L101.2 4.9 L97.5 4.9 L95.7 4.6 L94.8 4.1 L93.6 3.8 L93.3 3.4 L94.9 3.2 L96.1 3.2 L98.2 3.0 L99.8 2.6 L101.1 2.6 L102.2 3.0 L103.0 2.4 L104.4 2.2 L106.3 2.1 L109.5 2.0 L110.1 2.1 L113.1 1.9 L115.4 2.0 L117.7 2.1Z\"\/><path class=\"land\" d=\"M161.4 1.6 L168.0 2.5 L166.0 2.9 L162.0 3.0 L156.3 3.1 L156.9 3.3 L160.6 3.2 L163.8 3.5 L165.8 3.2 L166.7 3.6 L165.5 4.2 L168.2 3.8 L173.4 3.4 L176.5 3.6 L177.1 4.1 L172.8 4.9 L172.2 5.1 L168.8 5.3 L171.3 5.4 L170.1 6.2 L169.2 6.9 L169.2 8.1 L170.5 8.8 L168.9 8.9 L167.1 9.2 L169.1 9.8 L169.3 10.8 L168.2 10.9 L169.6 11.8 L167.2 11.9 L168.4 12.3 L168.1 12.7 L166.6 12.9 L165.1 12.9 L166.4 13.7 L166.5 14.1 L164.4 13.7 L163.8 14.0 L165.3 14.3 L166.6 14.9 L167.0 15.8 L165.2 16.0 L164.3 15.6 L163.0 15.0 L163.4 15.7 L162.2 16.3 L165.0 16.3 L166.4 16.4 L163.6 17.4 L160.7 18.2 L157.6 18.6 L156.5 18.6 L155.4 19.1 L153.9 20.2 L151.6 21.0 L150.9 21.0 L149.5 21.3 L148.0 21.6 L147.1 22.2 L147.1 23.0 L146.5 23.7 L144.8 24.6 L145.2 25.5 L144.8 26.4 L144.2 27.5 L142.7 27.5 L141.2 26.6 L139.1 26.6 L138.0 26.0 L137.3 25.0 L135.5 23.6 L135.0 22.9 L134.8 21.9 L133.4 20.9 L133.7 20.0 L133.0 19.7 L134.1 18.4 L135.7 18.0 L136.1 17.5 L136.3 16.6 L135.1 17.0 L134.5 17.2 L133.6 17.3 L132.3 17.0 L132.2 16.2 L132.6 15.6 L133.6 15.6 L135.8 15.9 L133.9 15.2 L133.0 14.8 L131.9 15.0 L131.1 14.7 L132.2 13.7 L131.6 13.3 L130.8 12.5 L129.5 11.4 L128.1 10.9 L128.2 10.5 L125.3 9.8 L123.1 9.7 L120.3 9.8 L117.7 9.9 L116.5 9.5 L114.6 8.8 L117.4 8.5 L119.5 8.4 L115.0 8.1 L112.6 7.7 L112.8 7.2 L116.8 6.7 L120.6 6.2 L121.0 5.8 L118.2 5.4 L119.1 4.9 L122.8 4.2 L124.3 4.1 L123.9 3.6 L126.4 3.3 L129.6 3.1 L132.9 3.1 L134.0 3.4 L136.8 2.8 L139.3 3.2 L140.8 3.3 L143.0 3.7 L140.5 3.1 L140.6 2.6 L144.2 2.0 L147.9 2.0 L149.2 1.6 L153.0 1.5 L161.4 1.6Z\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M222.9 60.7 Q 140 5 121.4 73.9\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M215 51.9 Q 152 8 192.5 39.9\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M220.6 48.6 Q 164 11 209.4 45.4\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M121.4 73.9 Q 176 14 203 43.7\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M192.5 39.9 Q 188 17 260.7 50\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M209.4 45.4 Q 200 20 222.9 60.7\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M203 43.7 Q 212 23 215 51.9\"\/><path class=\"route\" d=\"M260.7 50 Q 224 26 220.6 48.6\"\/><a href=\"#entity-giza\" data-entity=\"giza\" aria-label=\"\u041f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0413\u0438\u0437\u0430\"><title>\u041f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0413\u0438\u0437\u0430<\/title><circle cx=\"222.9\" cy=\"60.7\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#f5a235\"\/><\/a><a href=\"#entity-athens\" data-entity=\"athens\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0410\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430\"><title>\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0410\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/title><circle cx=\"215\" cy=\"51.9\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#087be7\"\/><\/a><a href=\"#entity-constantinople\" data-entity=\"constantinople\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\"><title>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b<\/title><circle cx=\"220.6\" cy=\"48.6\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#e44438\"\/><\/a><a href=\"#entity-atlantic\" data-entity=\"atlantic\" aria-label=\"\u0410\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\"><title>\u0410\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d<\/title><circle cx=\"121.4\" cy=\"73.9\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#1ea369\"\/><\/a><a href=\"#entity-paris\" data-entity=\"paris\" aria-label=\"\u0424\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044f\"><title>\u0424\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/title><circle cx=\"192.5\" cy=\"39.9\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#7750cb\"\/><\/a><a href=\"#entity-sarajevo\" data-entity=\"sarajevo\" aria-label=\"\u042e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\"><title>\u042e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430<\/title><circle cx=\"209.4\" cy=\"45.4\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#e44438\"\/><\/a><a href=\"#entity-venice\" data-entity=\"venice\" aria-label=\"\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\"><title>\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f<\/title><circle cx=\"203\" cy=\"43.7\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#f5a235\"\/><\/a><a href=\"#entity-samarkand\" data-entity=\"samarkand\" aria-label=\"\u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\"><title>\u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434<\/title><circle cx=\"260.7\" cy=\"50\" r=\"3.1\" fill=\"#f5a235\"\/><\/a><\/svg><div class=\"hbg-legend\"><span><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#e44438\"><\/i>\u0421\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f<\/span><span><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#087be7\"><\/i>\u0425\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/span><span><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#f5a235\"><\/i>\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430<\/span><span><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#1ea369\"><\/i>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438<\/span><span><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#7750cb\"><\/i>\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"hbg-panel\" id=\"timeline\"><div class=\"hbg-section-head\"><h2>\u0425\u0420\u041e\u041d\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0413\u0418\u042f<\/h2><a href=\"#timeline-details\">\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"hbg-filters\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"\u0424\u0438\u043b\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430\"><button class=\"hbg-filter\" data-filter=\"events\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#e44438\"><\/i>\u0421\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f<\/button><button class=\"hbg-filter\" data-filter=\"empires\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#087be7\"><\/i>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438<\/button><button class=\"hbg-filter\" data-filter=\"ideas\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#667085\"><\/i>\u0418\u0434\u0435\u0438<\/button><button class=\"hbg-filter\" data-filter=\"technology\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#1ea369\"><\/i>\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438<\/button><button class=\"hbg-filter\" data-filter=\"culture\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><i class=\"hbg-dot\" style=\"--dot:#7750cb\"><\/i>\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430<\/button><\/div><div class=\"hbg-timeline-items\" aria-live=\"polite\"><button class=\"hbg-milestone\" data-entity=\"giza\" data-category=\"culture\" aria-label=\"\u041f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0413\u0438\u0437\u0430, III \u0445\u0438\u043b. \u043f\u0440.\u0425\u0440.\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb pyramid\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><i><\/i><b aria-hidden=\"true\">\u25cf<\/b><\/button><button class=\"hbg-milestone\" data-entity=\"athens\" data-category=\"ideas\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0410\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430, V \u0432\u0435\u043a \u043f\u0440.\u0425\u0440.\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb bust\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><i><\/i><b aria-hidden=\"true\">\u25cf<\/b><\/button><button class=\"hbg-milestone\" data-entity=\"constantinople\" data-category=\"empires\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b, 1453\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb empire\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><i><\/i><b aria-hidden=\"true\">\u25cf<\/b><\/button><button class=\"hbg-milestone\" data-entity=\"atlantic\" data-category=\"technology\" aria-label=\"\u0410\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d, \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434 1492\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb harbor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><i><\/i><b aria-hidden=\"true\">\u25cf<\/b><\/button><button class=\"hbg-milestone\" data-entity=\"paris\" data-category=\"ideas\" aria-label=\"\u0424\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044f, 1789\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb ideas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><i><\/i><b aria-hidden=\"true\">\u25cf<\/b><\/button><button class=\"hbg-milestone\" data-entity=\"sarajevo\" data-category=\"events\" aria-label=\"\u042e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430, 1914\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb war\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><i><\/i><b aria-hidden=\"true\">\u25cf<\/b><\/button><\/div><div class=\"hbg-dates\"><span data-category=\"culture\">III \u0445\u0438\u043b. \u043f\u0440.\u0425\u0440.<\/span><span data-category=\"ideas\">V \u0432\u0435\u043a \u043f\u0440.\u0425\u0440.<\/span><span data-category=\"empires\">1453<\/span><span data-category=\"technology\">\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434 1492<\/span><span data-category=\"ideas\">1789<\/span><span data-category=\"events\">1914<\/span><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"hbg-panel hbg-evidence-panel\" id=\"sources\"><div class=\"hbg-section-head\"><h2>\u0414\u041e\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0410 \u0418 \u0418\u0417\u0422\u041e\u0427\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0418<\/h2><a href=\"#sources-details\">\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"hbg-evidence\"><button class=\"hbg-source\" data-source=\"primary\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb manuscript\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\u041f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438<\/button><button class=\"hbg-source\" data-source=\"artifacts\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb bust\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\u0410\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438<\/button><button class=\"hbg-source\" data-source=\"maps\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb globe\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438<\/button><button class=\"hbg-source\" data-source=\"documents\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb ideas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438<\/button><button class=\"hbg-source\" data-source=\"visual\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb war\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\u0412\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438<\/button><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class=\"hbg-bottom\"><section id=\"research\"><div class=\"hbg-section-head\"><h2>\u0418\u0417\u0411\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0418 \u0418\u0417\u0421\u041b\u0415\u0414\u0412\u0410\u041d\u0418\u042f<\/h2><a href=\"#research-details\">\u0412\u0438\u0436 \u0432\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"hbg-studies\"><button class=\"hbg-study\" data-study=\"war\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb war\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><small>\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0423\u0421<\/small><\/span><h3>\u041f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430: \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/h3><\/button><button class=\"hbg-study\" data-study=\"trade\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb harbor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><small>\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0423\u0421<\/small><\/span><h3>\u0413\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430: \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0430 XIV \u0432\u0435\u043a<\/h3><\/button><button class=\"hbg-study\" data-study=\"enlightenment\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb ideas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><small>\u0410\u041d\u0410\u041b\u0418\u0417<\/small><\/span><h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430: \u043e\u0442 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430<\/h3><\/button><button class=\"hbg-study\" data-study=\"empires\"><span class=\"hbg-thumb empire\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><small>\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0426\u0415\u0421<\/small><\/span><h3>\u0412\u044a\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435: \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h3><\/button><\/div><\/section><section id=\"how-it-works\"><div class=\"hbg-section-head\"><h2>\u041a\u0410\u041a \u0420\u0410\u0411\u041e\u0422\u0418 HISTORYBG?<\/h2><a href=\"#about-details\">\u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435 <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span><\/a><\/div><ol class=\"hbg-steps\"><li><div><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/strong><p>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><div><strong>\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0441 \u0418\u0418 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438<\/strong><p>\u0418\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><div><strong>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong><p>\u0421\u044a\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0439 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><div><strong>\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438<\/strong><p>\u0421\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0441\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div>\n<footer class=\"hbg-footer\"><span>\u00a9 2026 HistoryBG \u00b7 BIG GRAPH. BIGGER PICTURE.<\/span><span>\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b \u00b7 \u0418\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u00b7 <a href=\"#about-details\">\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430<\/a><\/span><\/footer><\/div>\n<dialog class=\"hbg-dialog\" id=\"hbg-dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"hbg-dialog-title\"><button class=\"hbg-close\" aria-label=\"\u0417\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\">\u00d7<\/button><h2 id=\"hbg-dialog-title\"><\/h2><div id=\"hbg-dialog-body\"><\/div><\/dialog>\n<noscript><p>\u0417\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 JavaScript. \u0422\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e.<\/p><\/noscript><\/div>\n<script id=\"historybg-home-interactions\">\/\/ Localize the theme's keyboard skip link only on these Bulgarian pages.\nif(document.getElementById('historybg-home')){\n const skip=document.querySelector('a.skip-link');\n if(skip)skip.textContent='\u041a\u044a\u043c \u0441\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e';\n}\n\n(()=>{'use strict';\nconst root=document.getElementById('historybg-home');if(!root)return;\nconst data={\"protocols\":[{\"id\":\"causes\",\"title\":\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\",\"icon\":\"network\",\"description\":\"\u0418\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438.\",\"steps\":[\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434.\",\"\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c.\",\"\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\",\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438.\"]},{\"id\":\"economy\",\"title\":\"\u0418\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430\",\"icon\":\"chart\",\"description\":\"\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438, \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438.\",\"steps\":[\"\u041a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u0438\u0449\u0430?\",\"\u041a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430?\",\"\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u044a\u0446\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d.\",\"\u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435.\"]},{\"id\":\"psychology\",\"title\":\"\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\",\"icon\":\"brain\",\"description\":\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u044f\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f.\",\"steps\":[\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0435?\",\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e-\u043a\u044a\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f.\",\"\u041f\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0430.\",\"\u0418\u0437\u0431\u044f\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430.\"]},{\"id\":\"technology\",\"title\":\"\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438\",\"icon\":\"gear\",\"description\":\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u044f\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430.\",\"steps\":[\"\u041a\u043e\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430?\",\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438, \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u045d?\",\"\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u044f \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d.\",\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438.\"]},{\"id\":\"philosophy\",\"title\":\"\u0424\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0438\u044f\",\"icon\":\"phi\",\"description\":\"\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\",\"steps\":[\"\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0430.\",\"\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438.\",\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0438.\",\"\u041f\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430.\"]}],\"studies\":[{\"id\":\"war\",\"image\":\"war\",\"type\":\"\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0423\u0421\",\"title\":\"\u041f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430: \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438\",\"intro\":\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u044a\u0449\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430? \u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u044a\u044e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0432 \u0432\u044a\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u042e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442 1914 \u0433.\",\"questions\":[\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430?\",\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e?\",\"\u041a\u043e\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f?\"]},{\"id\":\"trade\",\"image\":\"harbor\",\"type\":\"\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0423\u0421\",\"title\":\"\u0413\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430: \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0430 XIV \u0432\u0435\u043a\",\"intro\":\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e, \u0410\u0437\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0410\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043f\u044a\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430.\",\"questions\":[\"\u041a\u043e\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0438?\",\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438?\",\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u2014 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044a\u043b\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442?\"]},{\"id\":\"enlightenment\",\"image\":\"ideas\",\"type\":\"\u0410\u041d\u0410\u041b\u0418\u0417\",\"title\":\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430: \u043e\u0442 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430\",\"intro\":\"\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438. \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0438.\",\"questions\":[\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430?\",\"\u041a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u044a\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e?\",\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0441\u044a\u043b \u0438 \u043f\u043e-\u043a\u044a\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438?\"]},{\"id\":\"empires\",\"image\":\"empire\",\"type\":\"\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0426\u0415\u0421\",\"title\":\"\u0412\u044a\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435: \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\",\"intro\":\"\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0448, \u0447\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0449 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0446\u0438\u043a\u044a\u043b.\",\"questions\":[\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f?\",\"\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0438\u044f \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e?\",\"\u041a\u043e\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0449\u043e?\"]}],\"entities\":[{\"id\":\"giza\",\"title\":\"\u041f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0413\u0438\u0437\u0430\",\"date\":\"III \u0445\u0438\u043b. \u043f\u0440.\u0425\u0440.\",\"x\":222.9,\"y\":60.7,\"type\":\"places\",\"text\":\"\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430, \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442, \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438.\",\"image\":\"pyramid\",\"filter\":\"culture\"},{\"id\":\"athens\",\"title\":\"\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0410\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430\",\"date\":\"V \u0432\u0435\u043a \u043f\u0440.\u0425\u0440.\",\"x\":215,\"y\":51.9,\"type\":\"people\",\"text\":\"\u0421\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442.\",\"image\":\"bust\",\"filter\":\"ideas\"},{\"id\":\"constantinople\",\"title\":\"\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\",\"date\":\"1453\",\"x\":220.6,\"y\":48.6,\"type\":\"events\",\"text\":\"\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0437\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u044a\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0430.\",\"image\":\"empire\",\"filter\":\"empires\"},{\"id\":\"atlantic\",\"title\":\"\u0410\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\",\"date\":\"\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434 1492\",\"x\":121.4,\"y\":73.9,\"type\":\"processes\",\"text\":\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0410\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0448 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\",\"image\":\"harbor\",\"filter\":\"technology\"},{\"id\":\"paris\",\"title\":\"\u0424\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044f\",\"date\":\"1789\",\"x\":192.5,\"y\":39.9,\"type\":\"sources\",\"text\":\"\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u0444\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b?\",\"image\":\"ideas\",\"filter\":\"ideas\"},{\"id\":\"sarajevo\",\"title\":\"\u042e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\",\"date\":\"1914\",\"x\":209.4,\"y\":45.4,\"type\":\"events\",\"text\":\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\",\"image\":\"war\",\"filter\":\"events\"},{\"id\":\"venice\",\"title\":\"\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\",\"date\":\"\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435\",\"x\":203,\"y\":43.7,\"type\":\"places\",\"text\":\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0446\u0438.\",\"image\":\"harbor\",\"filter\":\"culture\"},{\"id\":\"samarkand\",\"title\":\"\u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\",\"date\":\"XIV\u2013XV \u0432\u0435\u043a\",\"x\":260.7,\"y\":50,\"type\":\"places\",\"text\":\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d. \u0421\u044a\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u044a\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u201e\u041f\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u201c.\",\"image\":\"empire\",\"filter\":\"culture\"}],\"sources\":[{\"id\":\"primary\",\"title\":\"\u041f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\",\"image\":\"manuscript\",\"text\":\"\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0430: \u043f\u0438\u0441\u043c\u0430, \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0442, \u0446\u0435\u043b \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435.\"},{\"id\":\"artifacts\",\"title\":\"\u0410\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\",\"image\":\"bust\",\"text\":\"\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e: \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e.\"},{\"id\":\"maps\",\"title\":\"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\",\"image\":\"globe\",\"text\":\"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0449\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0431, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438.\"},{\"id\":\"documents\",\"title\":\"\u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\",\"image\":\"ideas\",\"text\":\"\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438, \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435.\"},{\"id\":\"visual\",\"title\":\"\u0412\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\",\"image\":\"war\",\"text\":\"\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044e\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\"}]};\nconst dialog=root.querySelector('#hbg-dialog'),title=root.querySelector('#hbg-dialog-title'),body=root.querySelector('#hbg-dialog-body'),input=root.querySelector('#hbg-question-input');\nlet trigger=null;\nconst escape=s=>String(s).replace(\/[&<>\"']\/g,c=>({'&':'&amp;','<':'&lt;','>':'&gt;','\"':'&quot;',\"'\":'&#39;'}[c]));\nconst list=(items,tag='ol')=>`<${tag}>${items.map(s=>`<li>${escape(s)}<\/li>`).join('')}<\/${tag}>`;\nconst open=(heading,content)=>{if(!dialog.open)trigger=document.activeElement;title.textContent=heading;body.innerHTML=content;if(!dialog.open)dialog.showModal();};\nconst close=()=>{dialog.close();if(trigger?.isConnected)trigger.focus();};\nroot.querySelector('.hbg-close').addEventListener('click',close);\ndialog.addEventListener('click',e=>{if(e.target===dialog){const r=dialog.getBoundingClientRect();if(e.clientX<r.left||e.clientX>r.right||e.clientY<r.top||e.clientY>r.bottom)close();}});\ndialog.addEventListener('cancel',e=>{e.preventDefault();close();});\nconst protocol=p=>open(`\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b: ${p.title}`,`<p>${p.description}<\/p>${list(p.steps)}<p class=\"hbg-notice\">\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0431 \u0418\u0418 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442. \u0421\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0442\u0438 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0432\u044a\u043d\u0448\u043d\u0430 \u0418\u0418 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440.<\/p>`);\nconst overview={\n '#all-protocols':()=>open('\u041f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441',`<p>\u0418\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e.<\/p>${data.protocols.map(p=>`<p><a href=\"#protocol-${p.id}\" data-protocol=\"${p.id}\">${p.title} \u2192<\/a><br>${p.description}<\/p>`).join('')}`),\n '#map-details':()=>open('\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438',`<p>\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438. \u0422\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044a\u0447\u043d\u0438; \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0446\u0438.<\/p><ul>${data.entities.map(e=>`<li><a href=\"#entity-${e.id}\" data-entity=\"${e.id}\">${e.title}<\/a> \u00b7 ${e.date}<\/li>`).join('')}<\/ul>`),\n '#timeline-details':()=>open('\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f: \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438',`<p>\u0418\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0430\u0442\u044e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0438\u043b\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e, \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0448 \u0432\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438.<\/p><ul>${data.entities.slice(0,6).map(e=>`<li>${e.date} \u2014 <a href=\"#entity-${e.id}\" data-entity=\"${e.id}\">${e.title}<\/a><\/li>`).join('')}<\/ul>`),\n '#sources-details':()=>open('\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0441 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430',`<p>\u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0432\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433. \u0417\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430.<\/p>${data.sources.map(s=>`<p><strong>${s.title}<\/strong><br>${s.text}<\/p>`).join('')}`),\n '#research-details':()=>open('\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438',`<p>\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435.<\/p><ul>${data.studies.map(s=>`<li><a href=\"#study-${s.id}\" data-study=\"${s.id}\">${s.title}<\/a><\/li>`).join('')}<\/ul>`),\n '#about-details':()=>open('\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430',`<p>HistoryBG \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p><p>\u0422\u043e\u0437\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0449 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430, \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0441\u0438. \u0422\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f WordPress \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442.<\/p><p class=\"hbg-notice\">\u0418\u0418 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0418\u0418. \u0418\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041d\u044f\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438.<\/p>`)\n};\nroot.addEventListener('click',e=>{\n const el=e.target.closest('[data-protocol],[data-study],[data-entity],[data-source],[data-question],[data-filter],a');if(!el)return;\n if(el.dataset.protocol){e.preventDefault();const p=data.protocols.find(p=>p.id===el.dataset.protocol);if(p)protocol(p);}\n else if(el.dataset.study){e.preventDefault();const s=data.studies.find(s=>s.id===el.dataset.study);if(s)open(s.title,`<p>${s.intro}<\/p><h3>\u0412\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435<\/h3>${list(s.questions)}<p class=\"hbg-notice\">\u0412\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0449 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0441 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0418\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f.<\/p>`);}\n else if(el.dataset.entity){e.preventDefault();const n=data.entities.find(n=>n.id===el.dataset.entity);if(n)open(n.title,`<p><strong>${n.date}<\/strong><\/p><p>${n.text}<\/p><p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0438 \u0441 <a href=\"#protocol-causes\" data-protocol=\"causes\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437<\/a> \u0438 \u0441\u044a\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438.<\/p>`);}\n else if(el.dataset.source){const s=data.sources.find(s=>s.id===el.dataset.source);if(s)open(s.title,`<p>${s.text}<\/p>${list(['\u041a\u043e\u0439 \u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430?','\u0417\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b?','\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442?'])}<p class=\"hbg-notice\">\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0442.<\/p>`);}\n else if(el.dataset.question){input.value=el.dataset.question;input.focus();}\n else if(el.dataset.filter){const active=el.getAttribute('aria-pressed')==='true';root.querySelectorAll('[data-filter]').forEach(b=>b.setAttribute('aria-pressed',String(!active&&b===el)));root.querySelectorAll('[data-category]').forEach(n=>{n.hidden=!active&&n.dataset.category!==el.dataset.filter;});}\n else if(overview[el.getAttribute('href')]){e.preventDefault();overview[el.getAttribute('href')]();}\n if(el.closest('.hbg-mobile-menu nav'))root.querySelector('.hbg-mobile-menu').open=false;\n});\nroot.querySelector('#hbg-question-form').addEventListener('submit',e=>{\n if(root.querySelector('#hbg-mode').value==='search')return;\n e.preventDefault();const q=input.value.trim();if(!q){input.focus();return;}\n open('\u0422\u0432\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435',`<p class=\"hbg-dialog-question\">${escape(q)}<\/p><p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0448 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438.<\/p>${list(['\u0423\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438.','\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.','\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c.','\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430.'])}<p><a href=\"#protocol-causes\" data-protocol=\"causes\">\u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u201e\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u201c \u2192<\/a><\/p><p class=\"hbg-notice\">\u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 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body.querySelector('.hbg-copy').addEventListener('click',async()=>{const prompt=`\u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441: ${q}\\n\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430 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\u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_hbg_visibility_title":"","_hbg_visibility_description":"","_hbg_visibility_answer":"","_hbg_visibility_topics":"","_hbg_visibility_sources":"","_hbg_visibility_noindex":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":{"has_hero_section":"disabled","disable_header":"yes","disable_footer":"yes","styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":119,"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5\/revisions\/119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/historybg.com\/bg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}